What Are iPSC-derived Hepatocytes? Why Are They Important?
iPSC-derived hepatocytes are liver cells created from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). iPSCs are special because they can be generated from adult cells—like skin or blood cells—through a process called reprogramming. This involves introducing certain genes that revert these adult cells back to a pluripotent state, meaning they can turn into almost any cell type in the body.
Once iPSCs are established, scientists can guide them to become hepatocytes, the main cells that make the liver function. These iPSC-derived hepatocytes are incredibly useful for a range of purposes:
- Disease Modeling: Researchers can create iPSCs from a patient’s own cells and turn them into hepatocytes to study liver diseases on a cellular level.
- Drug Testing and Toxicity Screening: These liver cells offer a human-based model to test how new drugs work and whether they’re safe, potentially reducing the need for animal testing.
- Regenerative Medicine: iPSC-derived hepatocytes could be key to developing cell-based therapies for liver diseases or even creating bioengineered liver tissue.
- Basic Research: By studying these cells, scientists can gain deeper insights into liver development, function, and the underlying mechanisms of liver diseases.
In short, iPSC-derived hepatocytes are a powerful tool in biomedical research and therapeutic development, offering a personalized, human-relevant way to explore liver function and disease.
Related MTMLab Publication: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39082962/
1. Three-Dimensional (3D) Cell Culture Techniques : New 3D cell culture methods have significantly improved the properties of stem cells, enhancing their viability and functionality for tissue regeneration. These techniques allow for more accurate modeling of tissue architecture and function. 2. Engineered Stem Cells : Advances in bioengineering have led to the development of "engineered stem cells," which are modified to enhance their regenerative capabilities. These next-generation stem cells are designed to be more effective in tissue repair and regeneration. 3. Injectable Biomimetic Hydrogels : Researchers have developed advanced injectable hydrogels that mimic natural tissue environments. These hydrogels hold significant promise for tissue engineering applications, providing a supportive matrix for stem cell growth and differentiation. 4. Integration with Tissue Scaffolds : There have been significant improvements in integrating stem cells with biomaterial scaffolds. These scaffolds provide structural support and enhance the differentiation and growth of stem cells into specific tissue types, improving the outcomes of regenerative treatments. 5. Gene Editing and mRNA Technologies : Techniques like CRISPR and mRNA-based therapies are being used to modify stem cells at the genetic level, enhancing their ability to regenerate tissues. These technologies allow for precise control over stem cell behavior and function.
The MTM lab has experienced considerable growth over the last several years at the University of Illinois Chicago!
2024 The MTM Lab has been awarded an NIDDK R01 (National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases) grant to develop a novel microfluidic approach to elucidate the effects of soluble factor gradients, individually and in controlled combinations, on zonated functions in primary liver cells from rodents and humans towards determining species-specific effects . Ultimately, our novel devices can be used to investigate the mechanisms underlying liver zonation, chemical-induced zonated hepatotoxicity, and how zonation is perturbed in liver diseases, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma. The MTM Lab has been awarded a NIEHS (National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences) grant to develop a high throughput system to test placental cell invasion using a 3D placental microtissue coupled with hepatic liver biotransformation . This first-of-its-kind hepatic-placenta organ-tandem on a chip will simulate the liver metabolism that chemicals undergo in vivo prior to reaching the placental bed. This state-of-the-art in vitro platform will be the first step towards incorporating organism-level organization into reproductive risk assessment using a non-animal-based approach. The MTM Lab has been awarded a NIEHS (National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences) grant to develop a human gut-liver platform with microbiome interactions for in vitro toxicology . These first-of-its-kind scalable human gut-liver models will be developed for in vitro applications, such as compound screening and disease modeling, and be used to elucidate the effects of reciprocal tissue crosstalk on cell phenotype modulation. 2023 The MTM Lab has been awarded a NIDDK (National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases) grant to analyze the synergistic effects of extracellular matrix composition and stiffness, multicellular interactions, and soluble triggers of NAFLD in cellular phenotypic alterations , which could aid the development of novel drug therapies for this disease. The MTM Lab has been awarded a NIAAA (National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism) grant to develop a first-of-its-kind organotypic mouse liver model and investigate the effects of alcohol on multiple liver cell types in this model with comparisons to an in vivo mouse model of ALD that recapitulates several key features of human ALD. This platform can aid in understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying alcohol-associated liver disease.